故障处理
Webpack 的配置比较复杂,很容出现错误,下面是一些通常的故障处理手段。
一般情况下,webpack 如果出问题,会打印一些简单的错误信息,比如模块没有找到。我们还可以通过参数 --display-error-details来打印错误详情。
$ webpack --display-error-details Hash: a40fbc6d852c51fceadb Version: webpack 1.12.2 Time: 586ms Asset Size Chunks Chunk Names bundle.js 12.1 kB 0 [emitted] main [0] ./entry.js 153 bytes {0} [built] [1 error] [5] ./module.js 43 bytes {0} [built] + 4 hidden modules ERROR in ./entry.js Module not found: Error: Cannot resolve 'file' or 'directory' ./badpathmodule in /Users/zhaoda/data/projects/webpack-handbook/examples resolve file /Users/zhaoda/data/projects/webpack-handbook/examples/badpathmodule doesn't exist /Users/zhaoda/data/projects/webpack-handbook/examples/badpathmodule.webpack.js doesn't exist /Users/zhaoda/data/projects/webpack-handbook/examples/badpathmodule.js doesn't exist /Users/zhaoda/data/projects/webpack-handbook/examples/badpathmodule.web.js doesn't exist /Users/zhaoda/data/projects/webpack-handbook/examples/badpathmodule.json doesn't exist resolve directory /Users/zhaoda/data/projects/webpack-handbook/examples/badpathmodule doesn't exist (directory default file) /Users/zhaoda/data/projects/webpack-handbook/examples/badpathmodule/package.json doesn't exist (directory description file) [/Users/zhaoda/data/projects/webpack-handbook/examples/badpathmodule] [/Users/zhaoda/data/projects/webpack-handbook/examples/badpathmodule.webpack.js] [/Users/zhaoda/data/projects/webpack-handbook/examples/badpathmodule.js] [/Users/zhaoda/data/projects/webpack-handbook/examples/badpathmodule.web.js] [/Users/zhaoda/data/projects/webpack-handbook/examples/badpathmodule.json] @ ./entry.js 3:0-26
Webpack 的配置提供了 resolve 和 resolveLoader 参数来设置模块解析的处理细节,resolve 用来配置应用层的模块(要被打包的模块)解析,resolveLoader 用来配置 loader 模块的解析。
当引入通过 npm 安装的 node.js 模块时,可能出现找不到依赖的错误。Node.js 模块的依赖解析算法很简单,是通过查看模块的每一层父目录中的 node_modules 文件夹来查询依赖的。当出现 Node.js 模块依赖查找失败的时候,可以尝试设置 resolve.fallback 和resolveLoader.fallback 来解决问题。
module.exports = { resolve: { fallback: path.join(__dirname, "node_modules") }, resolveLoader: { fallback: path.join(__dirname, "node_modules") } };
Webpack 中涉及路径配置最好使用绝对路径,建议通过 path.resolve(__dirname, "app/folder") 或 path.join(__dirname, "app", "folder") 的方式来配置,以兼容 Windows 环境。